Vibrational-rotational transition spectrum with resolved hyperfine structure of HD⁺. Credit: APM Compared with traditional cryogenic cooling or optical pumping methods, this technique significantly ...

Spectroscopic studies of diatomic molecules probe the quantised rotational, vibrational and electronic energy levels that govern molecular behaviour across environments as diverse as interstellar ...

Vibrational spectroscopy has long been valued in the pharmaceutical and forensic sectors, and its application is expanding into agriculture, particularly for quality and origin verification of ...

Vibrational spectroscopy, a technique essential for analyzing chemical components in biological compounds, cells, organisms, tissues, and bioactivity products, plays a significant role in various ...